World J Gastroenterol. 2020;26(44):6979-6992.

Fatty liver is an independent risk factor for gallbladder polyps.

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제1저자 안동원 · 교신저자 정지봉

PMID 33311944 PMC7701938 DOI 10.3748/wjg.v26.i44.6979 IF 7.7 소화기내과

소속 (4)

Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
Department of Biostatistics, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, South Korea.
Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
Department of Research and Development, MEDICALIP Co. Ltd., Seoul 03127, South Korea.

Abstract

BACKGROUND Gallbladder polyps (GBPs) are known to be associated with obesity and metabolic diseases. However, to date, the relationship between GBPs and abnormal body fat distribution, such as fatty liver, visceral obesity, or sarcopenia, has not yet been established.

AIM To evaluate whether GBPs are associated with fatty liver, visceral obesity, or sarcopenia.

METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of subjects who underwent various laboratory tests, body composition measurement with a non-invasive body composition analyzer, and abdominal ultrasonography during health checkups. A total of 1405 subjects with GBPs were compared with 2810 age- and sex-matched controls.

RESULTS The mean age of the subjects was 46.8 ± 11.7 years, and 63.8% were male. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, the presence of fatty liver [odds ratio (OR) 1.413; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.218-1.638; P < 0.001] was an independent risk factor for GBP, together with low levels of alanine aminotransferase (OR 0.993; 95%CI 0.989-0.996; P < 0.001). Additionally, fatty liver showed both independent (OR 1.629; 95%CI, 1.335-1.988; P < 0.001) and dose-dependent (moderate to severe fatty liver; OR 2.137; 95%CI, 1.662-2.749; P < 0.001) relationship with large GBPs (≥ 5 mm). The presence of sarcopenia and high visceral fat area were not significantly associated with GBPs.

CONCLUSION Fatty liver was found to be closely associated with GBPs irrespective of sarcopenia and visceral obesity.

Keywords

Body fat distributionFatty liverGallbladder polypRisk factorsSarcopeniaVisceral obesity

Figures

**Figure 1** **Body morphometric evaluations of abdominal fat and muscle areas.**At the level of the inferior endplate of the L3 vertebra, a segmented axial computed tomography image showed the visceral fat area, subcutaneous fat area, and total abdominal muscle area (cm²), including all muscles on selected axial images, *i.e.*, psoas, paraspinals, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis, quadratus lumborum, and internal and external obliques.

**Figure 2** **Diagram of showing enrollment of the study population.**GBP: Gallbladder polyp.

**Figure 3** **Correlation between the appendicular skeletal muscle mass measured by InBody 720 and the total abdominal muscle area measured by computed tomography scan.**ASM: Appendicular skeletal muscle mass; TAMA: Total abdominal muscle area; CT: Computed tomography.

**Figure 4** **Correlation between the visceral fat area area measured by InBody 720 and computed tomography scan.**VFA: Visceral fat area; CT: Computed tomography.

그림 출처: PubMed Central 공개 논문 (PMC7701938)

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: We have no financial relationships to disclose.

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